Orthopedics

Mastoiditis is a relatively rare infection of the bulge in the skull behind the ear, the part of the bone called the mastoid. Infection can cause damage to this bone, followed by hearing loss. Mastitis most often affects young children, usually 6 to 13 months of age. It can also be born in healthy adolescents and working adults. people with weakened immune systems (infection-fighting) can also occur.

The Achilles tendon includes three muscles at the back of the thigh: the semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and biceps femoris. They work for knee flexion, leg retraction, and hip extension. "Muscle pull" means that the muscle is stretched and torn. There are three grades of severity based on the number of muscle fibers injured. Grade 1 means there is a slight stretch and injury, Grade 2 means there is a partial muscle tear, and Grade 3 Severe means there is a muscle tear and rupture. may need surgery Achilles tendon strain is common in activities that involve running, jumping, and kicking, and can also be caused by over-stretching (such as yoga) and other activities that require a quick start and stop.

Refers to a group of problems that cause pain in the tibia. which is a large bone in the front of the lower leg These problems include pain in the tibia. (the most common cause of shin splints), fractures, and flat feet or high arches. Dancers and athletes, such as runners or fast walkers. Walkers can have exercise-related pain. People who play football, jog, or train for competitions are at risk for shin pain. Both types are anterolateral (anterior, outer) and posterior (posterior, inner)

The neck is made up of the vertebrae, the spinal cord (the central nervous system extension from the brain), the intervertebral discs, and tissues such as muscles, ligaments, or ligaments. The spine protects the spinal cord. Intervertebral discs absorb shocks as cushions for the bones and provide nutrition to the joints. This allows us to bend our head and neck. A stiff neck is a stretching or tearing of muscles and ligaments. Tendons are bundles of tissue that hold muscles and bones together. A stiff neck is a common injury, especially during sports or sudden head-to-back jerks (whiplash).

The patella moves up and down, tilts and rotates the knee ligaments. The knee ligament connects the scapula to the tibia. Tendons made of rigid bands like ropes are very strong. It helps the hamstrings straighten your legs when kicking the ball. pedal pedal bike jumping up Patella tendonitis is an injury to this tendon. Often called jumper's knee because it is common in athletic athletes. With jumping, running, stopping and starting (basketball, football, volleyball), however everyone can have it.

The kneecap moves up and down, tilts, and rotates. Patellofemoral pain syndrome is pain in and around the kneecap caused by changes in the kneecap joint. There may be one or both knees. High-impact sports such as football, basketball, soccer, tennis, and running can make scapula problems worse. running on uneven surfaces (hills or paths) or playing on different surfaces Hard grass and tennis courts may cause this syndrome. Even sitting for a long time can hurt.

The back consists of the vertebrae between these bones, the spinal cord (which contains the nerves) and muscles, tendons and ligaments, the back and abdominal muscles. Help support the spine. The lower back (lumbar spine) supports most of the body's weight and helps with movement, twisting, and flexion. The most common low back injury is a strain in which the lower back muscles or tendons are stretched or torn. Tendons are tough bands that connect muscles and bones. Low back pain can be experienced by anyone. Athletes, especially soccer players and gymnasts Tends to be more stressed in training than during competition

Swollen knee, sometimes called "effusion," refers to swelling within the knee joint. Bleeding can be caused by a number of things, including injury to the ligaments, cartilage, bones, or surrounding structures. Swelling can occur within the knee joint. or a sac on the outside of the knee joint (bursitis) and may develop suddenly as a result of injury or develop slowly as a result of injury from overuse

The area where the forearm and hand connect is called the wrist. A fracture is a fracture of a bone in this area. The healing time ranges from 6 weeks for mild fractures to 24 weeks for severe fractures. More intense breaks. It may take 6 to 12 months to recover normal mobility and strength of the wrist.

Bursa are sacs that are often placed in places where they can rub against, such as bone and soft tissue, tendons, or muscles. arthritic cyst Refers to inflammation of the sac. The trochanter bone is the femur (thigh bone) that forms in the hip joint. hip joint cyst is a disease of the supraclavicular sac of the hip joint It occurs in more women than men, usually between the ages of 40 and 60, but it can happen at any age. not a serious problem But it can be uncomfortable and limited.

Finger lock syndrome refers to a condition that causes the finger to lock in position. It mainly affects the layer of tissue surrounding the tendon on the finger called the tendon sheath. It is a thick tissue that connects muscles to bones. This swelling of the sheath prevents the tendon from sliding smoothly. through the sleeve so that the finger locks into place. People of all genders and ages can get a thumb, but it's more common in people over 45 years of age and more in women than men. High-risk occupations such as dentists, tailors, seamstresses and butchers.

It is a movement disorder (dystonia) characterized by involuntary muscle contractions. These contractions are abnormal movements of the neck muscles and cause the head to tilt to one side. An alternative name for cervical dystonia is cervical dystonia. Cervical tilt is the most common type of movement disorder (dystonia), which is the most common type of intermittent movement. may not know the cause or after a head injury Neck tilt is not life-threatening and does not shorten life. Complications of chronic pain and abnormalities of the cervical spine

is the irritation, inflammation, pain and swelling of the ligaments. Tendons connect muscles to bones at joints. Injury Injury or stress to parts of the body by muscles and tendons can cause tendonitis. It is a common cause of pain in the shoulders, elbows, wrists, and ankles in people who exercise. Tendonitis is also known by specific names such as tennis elbow, golfer's elbow, rotator cuff tendinitis, and Achilles tendinitis.

Osteoarthritis is a hip problem that occurs predominantly in older children and adolescents. The average age is 12 years. The thigh is the top, or head, of the hip joint, which is a ball-shaped joint. The growth of the bony end of the leg (femur) is called the growth plate. This problem occurs when the growing herniated disc slides away from the femur. Most often the left hip is affected. It can occur in both boys and girls. Children with spondylolisthesis in one side have a 25% to 40% chance of having it in the other hip as well.

in the spine spinal vertebrae protect the spinal cord Between the vertebrae are soft discs that act like shock absorbers. in older age These intervertebral discs can soften and bulge. Herniated discs can press on nerves coming from the spinal cord and cause symptoms. Herniated discs are called herniated discs. These bulges can occur anywhere along the spine, from the neck to the lower back. Herniated discs affect men and women and are most common in people between the ages of 30 and 50. Most people get better after treatment.

Scoliosis is a lateral or lateral bending of the spine. It usually starts in childhood or adolescence and may slowly get worse. The younger the age when scoliosis starts, the worse it will be. The degree of curvature is measured from the corner. The wider the angle, the greater the chance that scoliosis will be less than 30 degrees at the end of childhood. Growth rarely deteriorates and does not require close monitoring. If the curve is greater than 50 to 75 degrees, treatment may be required. More girls than boys have severe disorders.

The shoulder has a greater range of motion than any other joint in the body. prone to injury The large deltoid muscle moves the shoulder most of the power. (subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus and teres minor. They are attached to the bone by tendons. The joint is made up of muscles and tendons that attach the arm to the shoulder joint and allow the arm to move. Rotator tendonitis is an inflammation of the tendons of the shoulder. Prolonged inflammation or injury can cause a tendon tear. Common names for shoulder tendonitis include shoulder impingement syndrome, tennis shoulder, pitcher's shoulder, and swimmer's shoulder.

The shoulder girdle is made up of three bones (scapula, collarbone, and collarbone). and humerus) and three joints (glenohumeral, acromioclavicular, and The shoulder has a greater range of motion than any other joint. It is also prone to large deltoid muscle injuries. help with shoulder movement Under this muscle are four rotator cuff muscles. (subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and less often teres) assist in shoulder movement and provide more stability. These muscles are attached to bones by tendons. The tendons are made up of the muscles and tendons that hold the forearm to the shoulder joint. A rotator cuff tear is a partial or complete tear of the rotator cuff. It is fairly common.

shoulder or lumbar region, including bones and joints The bone is the scapula. clavicle and humerus joints are joints glenohumeral, acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular The shoulder joint has the greatest range of motion of any other joint in the body, but is more prone to injury. The large deltoid muscles provide most of the power for shoulder movement. Beneath the deltoid muscle are four rotator muscles that support movement. Tendons attach these muscles to bones. swivel joint It consists of the muscles and tendons that hold the upper arm in the shoulder joint.

A femoral fracture is a fracture of the femur. (femur) at the hip The hip joint is a ball and shock joint. The fracture occurred in the cervical region, which is just below the bony head. Affects the blood supply to the broken bone. Therefore, fractures have difficulty healing. Most people recover fully after surgery.

Tendons attach muscles to bones. The elbow has a humerus and two bones in the forearm (ulna and radius). The inner and outer bulges of the elbow form the epicondyle of the upper humerus. The tendons of the forearm muscles, which are responsible for stretching and flexing the wrist. Adhere to these bulges. inflammation of the outer tendon It's medically known as lateral epicondylitis, commonly known as “tennis elbow,” because the problem is often caused by playing tennis or similar repetitive movements. (for wrist flexion) medial epicondylitis or “golfer's elbow”

A joint is a point where two or more bones come together. The shoulder joint is the body's most movable joint. Because this is the most likely thing to come off. Dislocation occurs when the top of the joint (the rounded top of the humerus) is pulled out of its socket There are two types of slippage. Non-accidental and non-accidental types, which often occur in teenagers with loose joints. The accidental type is usually a sports injury or in combination with overwork.

A sprain is an injury to the stretching or tear of a tendon, the strong, fibrous tissue that connects the thumb bone. A sprain can be caused by abnormal flexion during a fall on an outstretched hand. Sprains are common in ball games (such as football, basketball, and handball) and games involving a stick or racket (such as hockey). A thumb sprain involving the collateral ligament may be referred to as skier's. ( gamekeeper's) thumb

Refers to the related syndromes to press. posterior elbow nerve The nerve is adjacent to the right side of the bone and can be injured if it is compressed.

The elbow is a complex joint that consists of three joints in one big joint. Dislocation occurs when the bones of these joints are pulled out of place and stuck. Upper and lower humerus It doesn't come back together as it should, so the normal elbow can't move.

Cervical Disc Syndrome The cervical portion of the spine comprises seven joints of the spine. separated by cushions These are the supports for the head and neck. This will make the head and neck bend more. Cervical herniation refers to pain in the cervical region of the spine.

It is a bone disease caused by a temporary or permanent loss of blood supply to the bone. No blood. Bone dies if the bone is close to the joint. The joint surface tends to collapse.

An ankle sprain is an injury caused by partial or complete stretching or rupture of one or more of the ligaments that hold the ankle together. Tendons are strong bands. elastic fibers that connect bones Tendons connect muscles and bones. Sprained ankles are common, especially in sports such as basketball and soccer.

An ankle fracture is a fracture of the ankle joint, it can be mild or severe (including dislocating the joint), causing long-term pain and immobility.

Tendons are bands of hard tissue that usually connect muscles to bones. The Achilles tendon is the tendon that connects the calf muscle to the heel. Achilles tendon rupture is a common injury to this tendon. It usually occurs in men aged 40-50 who participate in sports activities after recovering from exercise for a long time.